Tiny plastic particles floating in waterways around the world are breeding grounds for dangerous bacteria, a study published in npj Biofilms and Microbiomes found.
What's happening?
When plastic debris breaks down into pieces tinier than a grain of rice, these bits attract bacteria that form slimy coatings called biofilms. Scientists call this bacterial layer the "plastisphere."
These biofilms act as gathering spots where harmful microorganisms can thrive. Pathogens like Vibrio and Pseudomonas species have been found living on plastic surfaces at levels far exceeding what exists in nearby waters.
The biofilms also collect antibiotic resistance genes at worrying rates. Research shows these genes gather on plastic surfaces in far greater abundance than in the open water.
"Microplastics are an emerging contaminant worldwide, with the potential to impact organisms and facilitate the sorption and release of chemicals," noted researchers in a similar study published in FEMS Microbiology Ecology.
Why is microplastic pollution concerning?
The real worry is what happens when these contaminated particles move through aquatic ecosystems. Fish, mussels, and other sea life swallow microplastics, and the pathogens hitching a ride can build up as smaller animals get eaten by larger ones.
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Seafood on your plate could carry tiny plastic pieces and the bacteria that cling to them. Some of these bacteria carry genes that make them resistant to antibiotics, which means infections that were once easy to treat could become harder to fight.
Bacteria living in these biofilm communities can pass DNA back and forth. This allows drug-resistant traits to jump between different species, which could create new superbugs.
What can I do to help reduce microplastic pollution?
Cutting back on your plastic use is one way to help slow this problem. Choose reusable bags, bottles, and containers when shopping. Opt for products with minimal plastic packaging.
Supporting policies that address plastic waste at its source can make a bigger difference. Contact your elected officials and voice your support for legislation that limits single-use plastics and improves wastewater treatment systems.
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You can also participate in local waterway cleanups. Removing plastic debris before it breaks down into microplastics helps keep these bacterial hotspots from forming in the first place.
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